tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-59276039413468821312024-03-08T13:33:48.137+07:00rizkipusrikasariRizkihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02318055211261295208noreply@blogger.comBlogger2125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5927603941346882131.post-18684310702896736862009-01-08T11:06:00.001+07:002009-01-08T11:13:48.735+07:00<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-indent: -27pt;"><span style="" lang="IN">5.1 Menemukan Perbedaan Paragraf Induktif dan Deduktif Melalui Kegiatan Membaca Intensif</span><span style=""><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Indikator:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Menentukan kalimat utama yang mengandung gagasan utama dalam paragraf.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Menentukan kalimat penjelas yang mendukung gagasan utama.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Menjelaskan perbedaan antara paragraf yang berpola deduktif dengan paragraf yang berpola induktif.<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Membaca intensif</span></b><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> adalah membaca secara saksama, teliti, dan terperinci. Membaca intensif biasanya untuk tujuan studi atau pemahaman isi teks secara menyeluruh dan mendalam; sedangkan membaca ekstensif adalah suatu teknik membaca dengan cara menemukan hal-hal yang dicari dalam bacaan secara cepat.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf</span></b><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> adalah seperangkat kalimat yang saling berkaitan untuk mengungkapkan sebuah gagasan tertentu. Dalam pengungkapan gagasannya itu, sebuah paragraf didukung oleh unsur-unsur tertentu dengan fungsi yang berbeda-beda. Unsur-unsur itu disebut dengan gagasan utama dan gagasan penjelas.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">A.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Gagasan utama<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Gagasan utama</span></b><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> adalah gagasan yang menjadi dasar pengembangan sebuah paragraf. Keberadaan gagasan utama dapat dinyatakan secara eksplisit dan implisit. Gagasan utama yang eksplisit dijumpai dalam jenis paragraf deduktif, induktif, atau paragraf campuran. Sementara itu, gagasan utama yang implisit umumnya dijumpai dalam paragraf deskrpitif atau naratif. Dalam jenis paragraf ini, gagasan utama tersebut terletak pada seluruh kalimat dalam paragraf itu.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Tidak ada ciri umum tentang suatu kalimat utama. Kalimat utama menyatakan gagasan yang merangkum seluruh isi kalimat dalam paragraf itu. Pada paragraf-paragraf tertentu, kalimat utama dapat diidentifikasi dengan mudah. Kalimat itu, antara lain, ditandai oleh kata-kata kunci berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Sebagai kesimpulan . .</span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> ..<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Yang penting .</span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> . ..<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Jadi .</span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> . ..<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Dengan demikian .</span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> . ..<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Intinya .</span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> . ..<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">f.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Pokoknya .</span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> . ..<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">g.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Pada dasarnya .</span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> . ..<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style=""> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style="">B.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Gagasan penjelas<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Gagasan penjelas</span></b><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> adalah gagasan yang fungsinya menjelaskan kalimat utama.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Kalimat penjelas dapat berisikan:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">uraian-uraian kecil,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">contoh-contoh,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">ilustrasi-ilustrasi,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">kutipan-kutipan, atau<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">gambaran-gambaran.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Berdasarkan letak gagasan utamanya, paragraf terbagi kedalam beberapa jenis, yakni sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf Deduktif<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf deduktif</span></b><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> adalah paragraf yang gagasan utamanya terletak di awal paragraf. Gagasan utama atau pokok persoalan paragraf itu dinyatakan dalam kalimat pertama. Kemudian disusul oleh penjelasan-penjelasan terperinci terhadap gagasan utama.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Contoh:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="IN"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style=""><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Jadi, membaca karya sastra dengan baik adalah upaya yang cukup tepat untuk mengenal sekaligus memahami bahasa Indonesia secara signifikan.</span></i></b><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> </span></i><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><span style=""> </span>Tentu saja dalam memahami bahasa itu tidak cukup dengan membaca. Hal itu harus pula dipraktikkan dengan cara melatih diri dan mengemukakan berbagai pendapatnya ke dalam bentuk tulisan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -27pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="IN"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><b style=""><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Bacaan yang baik untuk anak berisi contoh yang baik-baik pula</span></i></b><b style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">.</span></b><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"> Cara yang dapat dilakukan dengan menampilkan tokoh kartun, boneka, badut yang lucu, tetapi mengandung unsur pendidikan. Tokoh binatang yang cerdik pun dapat pula mewakili pesan moral. Misalnya, kancil menipu buaya atau sejenisnya. Tokoh orang bertubuh raksasa, tetapi sangat baik terhadap sesama.</span><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf Induktif<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf induktif</span></b><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> adalah paragraf yang gagasan utamanya terletak di akhir paragraf. Mula-mula dikemukakan fakta-fakta atau uraian-uraian. Kemudian dari fakta-fakta ini penulis menggeneralisasikannya ke dalam sebuah kalimat.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Contoh:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="IN"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Pembicaraan ringkas mengenai puisi-puisi Bahrum Rangkuti ini, tentu saja sebatas bentuk luarnya. Ada banyak hal yang sesungguhnya menarik dan pembahasan mengenai hal-hal yang menarik itu tidak cukup hanya dikupas sepintas lalu. Meskipun begitu, pembicaraan ini setidak-tidaknya sebagai langkah awal untuk mengupas lebih jauh karya-karya Bahrum Rangkuti. <b style=""><i style="">Bagaimanapun juga, Bahrum dengan cara dan gayanya sendiri, telah ikut memperkaya peta perpuisian di Tanah Air.<o:p></o:p></i></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 45pt; text-align: justify;"><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 63pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: Symbol;" lang="IN"><span style="">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Kebijakan yang diterapkan Jepang itu akhirnya sampai juga ke Indonesia. Rakyat diminta menanam pohon jarak sebagai tanaman pagar. Tanaman jarak pun selanjutnya dikenal sebagai jarak pagar. Tanaman ini diyakini dapat menggantikan bahan bakar fosil yang selama ini dipakai secara luas di seluruh dunia. <b style="">Itulah sekelumit sejarah pemakaian minyak jarak di Indonesia.</b><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf Campuran (Deduktif </span></b><b style=""><span style="" lang="IN">–</span></b><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> Induktif)<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf campuran</span></b><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"> adalah paragraf yang gagasan utamanya terletak pada kalimat pertama dan kalimat terakhir. Dalam paragraf ini terdapat dua kalimat utama. Kalimat terakhir umumnya mengulangi gagasan yang dinyatakan kalimat pertama dengan sedikit tekanan atau variasi.<b style=""><o:p></o:p></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Contoh:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><b style=""><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Saya berkeyakinan kalau Indonesia memfokuskan diri pada sektor agrobisnis, tidak ada negara lain yang mampu menandingi kita. </span></i></b><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Agar reformasi tersebut dapat terjadi, yang <i style="">over valued </i><span style=""> </span>harus dhindari. Memang, krisis ekonomi yang sedang berlangsung, telah mengoreksi nilai tukar kita. Dalam hal ini, pemerintah tidak perlu memaksa rupiah menguat, tetapi biarkan mekanisme pasar menemukan keseimbangannya. Yang perlu dilakukan adalah menyesuaikan diri terhadap nilai tukar yang ada dengan<span style=""> </span>mendorong industri-industri yang mampu <i style="">survive </i>pada nilai tukar yang ada, yakni sektor agrobisnis. Bagi sektor agrobisnis, semakin melemah rupiah</span><span style="" lang="IN">—</span><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">asal stabil</span><span style="" lang="IN">—</span><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">, akan semakin baik. <b style=""><i style="">Apabila sektor ini sudah berjalan dengan baik, tidak mustahil negara kita akan menjadi salah satu negara yang ekonominya tertangguh di dunia.<o:p></o:p></i></b></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><b style=""><i style=""><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></i></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><span style="">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf Deskriptif/Naratif<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Jenis paragraf ini, gagasan utamanya tersebar pada seluruh kalimat. Jenis paragraf ini umumnya dijumpai pada karangan-karangan deskripsi dan narasi atau pada paragraf yang menggambarkan/menceritakan suatu hal. Oleh karena itu, paragraf jenis ini disebut paragraf deskriptif atau paragraf naratif.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Contoh:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 27pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 18pt;"><span style="font-family: Angostura;" lang="IN">Sikap santun dan penuh hormat kepada Umi bersemi sejak kanak-kanak. Umi disayang oleh semua orang, mulai dari kakek, nenek, ayah saya pokoknya semua memanjakan beliau. Sampai dia dapat suami, suaminya pun sayang dan memanjakan Umi saya. Umi orangnya aktif sehingga jarang memasak untuk keluarga. Sekali memasak, Umi membuat rendang banyak-banyak untuk kebutuhan satu bulan, atau satu minggu karena Umi sering pergi lama untuk urusan organisasi. Yang memasak Bapak, yang memperbaiki kompor dan berusaha memanjakan Umi juga Bapak.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN">Paragraf di atas mendeskripsikan sikap orang-orang terhadap Umi. Gagasan tersebut tampak pada setiap kalimatnya. Mulai dari kalimat pertama hingga kalimat terakhir semuanya menggambarkan Umi yang disenangi orang-orang di sekelilingnya.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 27pt;"><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="" lang="FI"><span style=""></span></span><span style="font-family: Another;" lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p>Rizkihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02318055211261295208noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-5927603941346882131.post-14791839390723068212009-01-08T11:00:00.001+07:002009-01-08T11:03:13.008+07:00Novel<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">5.1<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Menerangkan Sifat-sifat Tokoh dari Kutipan Novel yang Dibacakan<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Penokohan adalah cara pengarang mengembangkan karakter tokoh-tokoh dalam cerita yang ditulisnya.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Contoh:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Watak Siti Nurbaya: baik, pengertian, penyayang<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Untuk menggambarkan karakter seorang tokoh, pengarang dapat menggunakan teknik sebagai berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Teknik analitik: karakter tokoh diceritakan secara langsung oleh pengarang.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Teknik dramatik, karakter tokoh dikemukakan melalui:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">a)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penggambaran fisik dan perilaku tokoh,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">b)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penggambaran tata kebahasaan tokoh,<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">c)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">pengungkapan jalan pikiran tokoh, dan<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">d)<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penggambaran oleh tokoh lain.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -36pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><b style=""><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">5.2<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span></b><!--[endif]--><b style=""><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Menjelaskan Alur Peristiwa dari Suatu Sinopsis Novel yang Dibacakan<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Alur/ plot adalah struktur penceritaan dalam prosa fiksi yang di dalamnya berisi (rangkaian kejadian atau peristiwa yang disusun berdasarkan hukum sebab-akibat (kausalitas) dan logis).<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tahap alur/ plot:<span style=""> </span> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1027" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;z-index:2'" from="351pt,16pt" to="414pt,79pt"><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="position: absolute; z-index: 2; left: 0px; margin-left: 467px; margin-top: 20px; width: 86px; height: 86px;"><img src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/RIZKIP%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image001.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1027" height="86" width="86" /></span><!--[endif]--><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:line id="_x0000_s1026" style="'position:absolute;left:0;text-align:left;flip:y;z-index:1'" from="270pt,16pt" to="351pt,79pt"><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><span style="position: absolute; z-index: 1; left: 0px; margin-left: 359px; margin-top: 20px; width: 110px; height: 86px;"><img src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/RIZKIP%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image002.gif" shapes="_x0000_s1026" height="86" width="110" /></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Pengenalan/ permukaan<span style=""> </span>d<span style=""> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Penampilan masalah/ konflik<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>c<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Konflik memuncak<span style=""> </span>b<span style=""> </span> <span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>e<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Puncak ketegangan/ klimaks<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Ketegangan menurun<span style=""> </span> a<span style=""> </span><span style=""> </span>f<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">f.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Penyelesaian<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Keterangan:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Pengenalan/ permukaan<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tahap ini menguraikan latar cerita atau penokohan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Penampilan masalah/ konflik<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tahap ini menceritakan persoalan yang dihadapi pelaku cerita.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Konflik memuncak<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tahap ini menceritakan konflik yang dihadapi pelaku semakin meningkat.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Puncak ketegangan/ klimaks<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tahap ini menggambarkan ketegangan masalah dalam cerita atau masalah itu telah mancapai puncak.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Ketegangan menurun<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tahap ini menceritakan masalah yang telah berangsur-angsur dapat diatasi dan kekhawatiran mulai hilang.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">f.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Penyelesaian<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tahap ini menceritakan masalah tersebut sudah dapat diatasi. Namun, ada pula novel atau cerpen yang penyelesaian akhir ceritanya itu diserahkan kepada imaji pembaca.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Konflik merupakan inti dari sebuah alur. Konflik dapat diartikan sebagai suatu pertentangan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b style=""><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Macam-macam konflik:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="1" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";" lang="IN">Konflik manusia melawan alam<o:p></o:p></span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Contoh: Nelayan dengan amukan gelombang yang keras.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="2" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";" lang="IN">Konflik manusia melawan manusia<o:p></o:p></span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Contoh: Peperangan, pertengkaran, perkelahian, persaingan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="3" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";" lang="IN">Konflik batin<o:p></o:p></span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Contoh: Mengalami kesulitan dalam mengambil keputusan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <ol style="margin-top: 0cm;" start="4" type="1"><li class="MsoNormal" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT";" lang="IN">Konflik manusia dengan Tuhan<o:p></o:p></span></li></ol> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Contoh: Orang yang menuduh Tuhan tidak menyayanginya.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;" align="center"><b style=""><span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shapetype id="_x0000_t160" coordsize="21600,21600" spt="160" adj="2945" path="m0@0c7200@2,14400@2,21600@0m0@3c7200@4,14400@4,21600@3e"> <v:formulas> <v:f eqn="val #0"> <v:f eqn="prod #0 1 3"> <v:f eqn="sum 0 0 @1"> <v:f eqn="sum 21600 0 #0"> <v:f eqn="sum 21600 0 @2"> <v:f eqn="prod #0 2 3"> <v:f eqn="sum 21600 0 @5"> </v:formulas> <v:path textpathok="t" connecttype="rect"> <v:textpath on="t" fitshape="t" xscale="t"> <v:handles> <v:h position="topLeft,#0" yrange="0,4629"> </v:handles> <o:lock ext="edit" text="t" shapetype="t"> </v:shapetype><v:shape id="_x0000_i1025" type="#_x0000_t160" style="'width:151.5pt;" adj=",10800" fillcolor="#333" strokecolor="#333"> <v:fill color2="#099"> <v:shadow on="t" color="silver" opacity="52429f" offset="3pt,3pt"> <v:textpath style="'font-family:" trim="t" fitpath="t" xscale="f" string="DRAMA"> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><img src="file:///C:/DOCUME%7E1/RIZKIP%7E1/LOCALS%7E1/Temp/msohtml1/01/clip_image003.gif" alt="DRAMA" shapes="_x0000_i1025" height="66" width="207" /><!--[endif]--><o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">A.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Pengertian<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Drama adalah bentuk karya sastra yang bertujuan menggambarkan kehidupan dengan penyampaian pertikaian dan emosi melalui lakuan dan dialog. Dalam menulis drama, kita harus memperhatikan persyaratan-persyaratan pementasan. Oleh sebab itu, dalam naskah drama, selain cerita dialog naratif, terdapat pula petunjuk tentang bagaimana keadaan panggung dan petunjuk gerak-gerik pelaku.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">B.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Unsur-unsur Drama<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Unsur-unsur drama meliputi:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Plot</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">/ alur, yaitu meliputi bagian-bagian berikut:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">pemaparan atau eksposisi; babak yang mengantarkan situasi awal;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penggawatan atau komplikasi, babak mulai munculnya pertikaian (konflik);<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">klimaks, babak sebagai puncak krisis;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">peleraian atau antiklimaks, babak adanya peleraian;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penyelesaian atau babak akhir.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Penokohan, yaitu tokoh-tokoh dalam drama yang terdiri atas:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">protagonis, yaitu tokoh yang mendukung cerita. Biasanya ada satu atau dua figur tokoh protagonis utama yang dibantu oleh tokoh-tokoh lainnya yang ikut terlibat sebagai pendukung cerita;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">antagonis, yaitu tokoh penentang cerita. Biasanya ada seorang tokoh utama yang menentang cerita dan beberapa figur pembantu yang ikut menentang cerita;<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">tritagonis, yaitu tokoh pembantu atau figuran, baik untuk tokoh protagonis maupun untuk tokoh antagonis.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Dialog, merupakan percakapan antara dua orang atau lebih dalam sebuah pementasan drama. Beberapa ketentuan dalam dialog drama, yaitu sebagai berikut.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Dialog harus mendukung peran, maksudnya dialog tokoh tukang becak akan berbeda dengan tokoh seorang lurah.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Dialog dalam drama harus lebih tertib dibandingkan dengan percakapan sehari-hari.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Para tokoh diperbolehkan mengimprovisasi di luar naskah yang telah ditentukan untuk menghidupkan suasana dan menjadikan dialog dalam cerita lebih wajar dan tidak kaku. Improvisasi adalah penciptaan atau pertunjukan sesuatu tanpa persiapan terlebih dahulu.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Latar<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Latar adalah keterangan mengenai tempat, ruang, dan waktu di dalam naskah drama.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">C. Jenis-jenis Drama<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Drama dibedakan menjadi:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Berdasarkan bentuk dramatisnya:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama tragedi<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama komedi<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama tragedi komedi.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Berdasarkan bentuk sastra: drama prosa dan puisi<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Berdasarkan kuantitas cakapannya:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama mini kata<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama pantomim<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama kata.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Berdasarkan penonjolan unsur seninya:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama tablo<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">opera<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">sendra tari<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Berdasarkan media pementasannya:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama televisi<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama radio<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">-<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">drama pentas.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">D.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Para Pelaku Pementasan<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 36pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Para pelaku pementasan dalam drama:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">a.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penulis naskah.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">b.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">sutradara.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">c.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">narator. Tugasnya menceritakan kepada penonton mengenai isi cerita. Meskipun berakting di atas panggung, tetapi seorang narator berada di luar alur cerita.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">d.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">pemain.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">e.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penata artistik.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">f.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penata rias.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt; line-height: 150%;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">g.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">penata kostum.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">E. </span><span style="font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Langkah-langkah Pementasan Drama</span><span style="font-size: 11pt; line-height: 150%; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: 36pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Langkah-langkah pementasan drama:<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">1.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Menyusun naskah</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">. Idenya bisa merupakan ide asli atau saduran dari kisah-kisah yang telah ada.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">2.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Lakukan pembedahan secara bersama-sama terhadap isi naskah yang akan dipentaskan. </span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Tujuannya agar semua calon pemain memahami isi naskah yang akan dimainkan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">3.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Reading.</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"> Calon pemain membaca secara keseluruhan naskah sehingga dapat mengenal masing-masing peran.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">4.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Casting:</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"> melakukan pemilihan peran. Tujuannya supaya peran yang akan dimainkan sesuai dengan kemampuan akting pemain.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">5.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Mendalami peran yang akan dimainkan. Maksudnya, pendalaman peran dilakukan dengan mengadakan pengamatan di lapangan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">6.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Blocking</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">. Sutradara mengatur teknik pentas, yakni dengan cara mengarahkan dan mengatur pemain. Misalnya, dari mana seorang pemain itu harus muncul dan dari mana mereka berada ketika dialog dimainkan.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">7.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Running</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">. Pemain menjalani latihan secara lengkap, mulai dari dialog sampai pengaturan pentas.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">8.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><i style=""><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Gladiresik</span></i><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">: latihan terakhir sebelum pentas. Latihan bermain dari awal sampai akhir tanpa ada kesalahan lagi.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 54pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><span style="">9.<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal;"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN">Pementasan:<span style=""> </span>keadaan pemain sudah siap dengan kostumnya dan dekorasi panggung sudah lengkap.<o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 72pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; font-family: "Tw Cen MT"; color: rgb(51, 51, 51);" lang="IN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>Rizkihttp://www.blogger.com/profile/02318055211261295208noreply@blogger.com2